Condition guide
Constipation
Struggling with infrequent or difficult bowel movements? Find gentle, effective relief for constipation with the right laxative or fibre supplement.
Find the right medicineTreatment and relief options
- Increase fibre intake (fruits, vegetables, whole grains)
- Drink plenty of water (8+ glasses daily)
- Bulk-forming laxatives (psyllium) for gentle relief
- Osmotic laxatives (lactulose) if fibre isn't enough
- Regular exercise helps bowel motility
When to get help
- Severe abdominal pain or bloating
- Blood in stool
- Unexplained weight loss
- Constipation alternating with diarrhoea
- No bowel movement for more than a week
Good to know
Not every slow week is constipation
Normal bowel habits for adults range from 3 bowel movements a day to 1 every 3 days, so missing a day is not constipation on its own. Hard, lumpy stools, straining and a feeling of not having emptied your bowel are clearer signs. Some medicines can cause it, including opioid pain relievers such as codeine and some antidepressants, so ask a pharmacist to review what you take. If wind and a swollen tummy are the main complaint, see bloating.
How the laxative classes differ
Bulk-forming laxatives (fibre supplements) add bulk and draw water into the bowel to soften stool, so they need plenty of fluid alongside. Osmotic laxatives keep water in the bowel. Stimulant laxatives make the bowel move faster and can cause cramps; long-term use is not recommended and can make constipation worse. Stool softeners are often paired with a stimulant. A pharmacist can help you choose.
See your GP if lifestyle changes are not helping, or if you are over 50 or have a family history of bowel cancer. Blood in your stool needs a doctor promptly, without waiting for a screening kit. Australians aged 45 to 74 can do a free at-home bowel screening test every 2 years through the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program.
Sources: healthdirect — Constipation; healthdirect — Laxatives; healthdirect — Codeine; healthdirect — Bowel cancer screening
Frequently asked questions
Start with fibre supplements. If needed, try osmotic laxatives (gentler than stimulant types).
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Medical disclaimer
This information is general in nature and isn’t a substitute for professional medical advice. Always read the label and follow the directions for use. Talk to your pharmacist or doctor about what’s right for you.